B, E and BC describe the profile of the corrugated medium, not how good the board is. A well-made B-flute pad will outlast a badly made BC one. What matters is how tightly the layers are pressed and how consistently the glue is applied.
High-density board is pressed harder, so the flutes deform less under a claw. The glue line matters just as much: gaps let a layer lift, and once one layer lifts the piece is finished.
Cut edges are where cheap products show themselves. A clean, compressed edge resists crumbling; a ragged one sheds paper dust from the first day and looks tired in a shop within a week.
Some shedding is normal — the cat is removing material. Excessive shedding means the board is too soft or the cut is poor. Buyers notice this before they notice anything else, because it lands on the floor.
Scratch both with a coin in the same direction, ten times, and compare the depth of the mark and the amount of dust. Then press a thumb into the face: the sample that resists without feeling like plastic is usually the one that survives a real cat.